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One of the more complicated concepts to get your head around as a new programmer is classes and objects. Once you know how to use classes in Python though, you will be ready to build significantly more powerful and complex code. Also read:  What is object oriented programming? Read on to learn how to use classes in Python, and when you should! Introducing classes in Python For those that are unfamiliar with the concept of classes and who want to learn more about how they work, keep reading. If you just want the syntax for classes in Python, you can skip to the next section! So, what is a class? A class is a piece of code that describes a “data object.” This is an object just like you find in the real world, except that it has no tangible presence: it only exists in concept! Like real objects though, data objects can have properties (size, weight, height, number of lives, speed), and they can have functions (move forward, jump, turn up the heat, delete). In a computer game, for

Java is one of the most highly sought after programming languages, not to mention one of the two official languages for Android development. In this Java beginner course, we’ll go over the basics to provide you with a solid foundation and understanding of how the language works and what you can do with it. Prerequisites This Java beginner course assumes that you have no prior background in programming. In order to follow along however, you will need to use an online compiler. This will provide a terminal where you can enter Java code and then test your projects. A good example can be found here: Repl.it . Otherwise, you can also find a number of Java compilers in the Google Play Store and Apple App Store. Chosen your editor? Great, let’s get started! Java beginner course part 1: Hello world! Traditionally, when learning any new programming language, the first thing a tutorial should demonstrate, is how to print “Hello World!” to the screen. Depending on your chosen programming

Whether you want to begin coding in Java or just wish to run Java apps, you first need to learn how to install Java. In this post, we’ll see how to do that. Why do you need to install Java? Programmers would describe Java as both being “compiled” and “interpreted.” This means that Java code can’t be understood natively by the computer but must first be “compiled” to a Java Bytecode. This Bytecode can then be run by any device that has the “Java Virtual Machine” installed. Alternatively, the code can be translated by software installed onto your machine. Suffice to say that until you install Java, you won’t be able to run programs that are written in it. Seeing as a lot of apps we use every day are written in Java, that’s an issue! It also means that you need a slightly different installation, depending on whether you want to run Java apps or build them. To develop or run Java applications, you first need to install Java to act as an interpreter. For this, you’ll need the Java Dev

One of the most fundamental and simple skills to learn as a new coder is how to create a list in Python. But when you also have the option to create dictionaries – which are potentially more powerful – the question becomes why you should need this skill! In this post, we’ll break down how to create a list in Python and when you should choose one over a dictionary. How to create a list in Python and what they are for In programming, a list is a variable that contains lots of other variables. These are added to the list in a sequential order that can then be referenced at any time. In Python, a list can contain multiple data types: strings, integers, booleans, and more. Thus, the types of lists you build in Python will often be similar to the lists you create in real life: lists of names, lists of phone numbers, lists of places… etc. Learning how to create a list in Python is extremely easy. Simply define a variable using square brackets, then separate the elements in the list by

For years, Java was the one official language for Android development. While other options were available through alternative tools like Unity or Xamarin, Java with the Android SDK was still the clear choice for those wanting to learn Android development the “proper” way. Then came Kotlin for Android. Also read:  I want to develop Android apps – What languages should I learn? Kotlin is no-longer new. As of 7 May 2019, Kotlin has been the official “preferred” language for Android development according to Google. It has been available as a built-in feature of Android Studio and an official language for Android for even longer than that. Today, Android tutorials typically provide examples in both Java and Kotlin, though there is still slightly more support for Java developers (if only because many old posts have yet to be updated). While Kotlin is theoretically simpler than Java, many aspiring mobile developers are likely to find the presence of multiple languages more daunting than

From Android 10 onward, Google changed the way that storage is handled. This became mandatory for all apps targeting Android 11 and above. The changes were implemented with privacy in mind, preventing users from being forced to grant access to every file on their device. This scoped storage tutorial will tell you what you need to know. Scoped storage tutorial: The cliff-notes version With scoped storage, users will need to grant permission any time an app attempts to access a file it didn’t create. Developers are also encouraged to place files in specific folders, thereby reducing the amount of clutter and disorganization. Any files outside of those folders will be deleted once an app is removed. See also:  A guide to Android app development in 5 easy steps Scoped storage is granted by default and is based on the type of file being stored (these are organized as “collections”). Apps are only given access to the types of storage they actually use. In practice, this means that de

Credit: Jimmy Westenberg / Android Authority Wow, is it that time of year already? It seems no time at all since Android 11 landed and yet here we are with the first developer preview of Android 12! As always, we’ll be sharing all the changes devs need to know about in this post. Highlights include compatible media transposing and new copy-paste features. Of course, Google has lots more changes in store for us with future releases. But this is an early sign of things to come and there’s already some interesting stuff to keep us busy! For the full scoop, check out the post at Android Developers Blog . Here, I’ll attempt to share the cliff-notes version, and draw your attention to anything that needs your urgent attention. We’ll be updating this page as future previews roll out, so you’ll be able to find everything you need in this one spot as you prep your app for the future of the platform. See also: Android 12 features: Everything confirmed and rumored so far Security